A local repository is hosted on a local machine for an individual user.A remote repository is hosted on a remote, or off-site, server that is shared among multiple team members.There are two types of Git repositories: remote and local. Remote repositories and local repositories In this section, you’ll learn how to get a repository up and running. Once you create a Git repository with your files and directories, you can start tracking changes and versions. A repository (i.e., repo) is a centrally located folder for storing all of your code. Creating a repositoryĪfter installing Git on your machine, the first thing you’ll need to do is set up a repository. The three file states for Git: modified, staged, and commited. The modified files will then be safely stored in the repo. Once you finish staging all files, you can commit them and add a message describing what you changed. You must then stage the changes if you want to include them in your next commit. When you modify a file, the change will only be found in the working tree. (Committing will take the files from the index and store them as a snapshot in the repository.)Īs you can probably guess from the Git workflow, files can be in one of three states: Stage the changes you want to include in the next commit.You can think of this as your basic Git workflow: The three main components of a Git project: the repository, index, and working tree. When you make a change in the working tree, the index marks the file as modified before it is committed. The index compares the files in the working tree to the files in the repo. The index, or staging area, is where commits are prepared. You can think of a working tree as a file system where you can view and modify files. The working tree, or working directory, consists of files that you are currently working on. You can access the commit history with the Git log. It holds all of the commits - a snapshot of all your files at a point in time - that have been made. The repository, or repo, is the “container” that tracks the changes to your project files. There are three main components of a Git project: In short, a version control system like Git makes it easy to: Because the latest version of a file is stored on a shared repository, Git can prevent unintentional overwrites by anyone on your team who has an older version of the file.īefore a version control system vs. You can see how the version has changed over time and who has made the changes. When multiple team members work on the same file, overwriting can quickly become a problem, and it’s often difficult to keep track of which file is the latest version.Īnd so we turn to version control systems to solve all of these problems (and more.) With Git, you can easily access your source code’s revision history and track changes. It also fails to provide readers with any context as to what changes were made or who they were made by. Fact: This type of versioning will only end in tears. This method is time-consuming and impractical when you are dealing with hundreds of files. Without a version control system, you are likely stuck manually saving multiple versions of your file using different dates and/or names (e.g. This allows you to restore a previous version of your code at any time. As you modify files, the version control system records and saves each change. So what is version control? Simply put, version control is a system for tracking changes to files. Git is a distributed version control system for managing source code.
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